在追求健康養(yǎng)生的道路上，人們對天然食材的探索從未停止。山茱萸和羊棲菜，兩種看似無關(guān)的食材，卻蘊含健康寶藏。今天，我們就來聊聊山茱萸羊棲菜研發(fā)保健飲料的事。?

On the path of pursuing health and wellness, people's exploration of natural ingredients has never stopped. Cornus officinalis and sheep's perch, two seemingly unrelated ingredients, contain health treasures. Today, let's talk about the development of health drinks from Cornus officinalis and Sargassum fusiformes. ?山茱萸是傳統(tǒng)中藥材，富含多種活性成分，能補益肝腎、澀精固脫，對肝腎虧虛癥狀有調(diào)理效果，現(xiàn)代研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)它能抗氧化、降血糖、降血脂，保護心血管健康，中老年人常吃能提升精氣神和免疫力。?



Cornus officinalis is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb rich in various active ingredients, which can nourish the liver and kidneys, astringent essence, and promote digestion. It has a regulating effect on liver and kidney deficiency symptoms. Modern research has also found that it can resist oxidation, lower blood sugar and blood lipids, protect cardiovascular health, and can enhance the spirit, energy, and immunity of middle-aged and elderly people who eat it regularly. ?羊棲菜是海洋藻類植物，營養(yǎng)豐富，含 18 種氨基酸、14 種微量元素，碘含量高，可預(yù)防缺碘疾病，還富含多糖等，有清熱化痰等功效。沿海地區(qū)常食用羊棲菜的人群，心血管疾病發(fā)病率低，腸道更健康。?

Sargassum fusiformes is a marine algae plant that is rich in nutrients, containing 18 amino acids, 14 trace elements, and high iodine content. It can prevent iodine deficiency diseases and is also rich in polysaccharides, which have the effects of clearing heat and resolving phlegm. People who often eat Sargassum fusiforme in coastal areas have low incidence rate of cardiovascular diseases and healthier intestines. ?山茱萸的滋補與羊棲菜的海洋營養(yǎng)結(jié)合開發(fā)成保健飲料潛力巨大。二者都有抗氧化活性，能更有效對抗自由基、延緩衰老；山茱萸降血糖、血脂與羊棲菜降壓降脂相互配合，全方位呵護心血管；它們豐富的營養(yǎng)成分還能補充維生素和礦物質(zhì)、增強免疫力。這款保健飲料集多種保健功能于一身，符合現(xiàn)代人健康養(yǎng)生追求。?

現(xiàn)有保健飲料配方與工藝回顧?

Review of existing health beverage formulas and processes?

?在市場和研究中，已有不少關(guān)于山茱萸羊棲菜保健飲料的探索，形成了較成熟配方和制作工藝。?

In the market and research, there have been many explorations on the health drink of Cornus officinalis and Eucommia ulmoides, forming mature formulas and production processes. ?配方上，常見以山茱萸和羊棲菜提取液為主要原料，添加甜味劑、酸味劑等調(diào)配風(fēng)味。如最佳風(fēng)味配方：山茱萸提取液 40ml/100mL、羊棲菜提取液 30ml/100mL、結(jié)晶果糖 9.0g/100ml、檸檬酸 2.5g/100mL 。?

制作工藝方面，山茱萸提取液制備需先挑選洗凈果實、復(fù)水軟化、破碎并護色，再酶解或浸提、榨汁過濾，最佳浸提條件為 80℃、1h、pH 3.3 。羊棲菜提取液多用水提工藝，雖多糖得率較酸提低，但操作簡便適合工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)。具體是預(yù)處理后浸泡、切分、脫腥，再煎煮合并水提液。完成提取液制備后，混合、靜置、過濾、減壓濃縮、離心棄渣，最后風(fēng)味調(diào)配和滅菌。?

不過，現(xiàn)有配方和工藝存在不足。口感上，山茱萸和羊棲菜本身味道突出，影響整體口感。風(fēng)味較單一，無法滿足多樣化需求。營養(yǎng)成分保留和釋放也有提升空間，難以充分發(fā)揮保健功效。?

However, there are shortcomings in the existing formulas and processes. In terms of taste, Cornus officinalis and Sargassum fusiformes have prominent flavors that affect the overall taste. The flavor is relatively single and cannot meet diverse needs. There is also room for improvement in the retention and release of nutrients, but it is difficult to fully utilize their health benefits. ?創(chuàng)新研發(fā)方向一：原料選擇與處理升級?

Innovative R&D Direction 1: Raw Material Selection and Processing Upgrade（一）原料多元化搭配?

（1） Diversified combination of raw materials?

?在原料選擇上，除核心原料山茱萸和羊棲菜外，可嘗試添加其他藥食同源原料。枸杞是傳統(tǒng)滋補佳品，含多種營養(yǎng)成分，其多糖有調(diào)節(jié)免疫等作用，與山茱萸、羊棲菜保健功效結(jié)合，能增強飲料對人體免疫力和心血管系統(tǒng)的保護，還能增添甘甜風(fēng)味。菊花含黃酮類等成分，有清熱解毒等功效，適合熬夜、用眼過度人群，其清新與山茱萸微酸、羊棲菜海洋氣息融合，能帶來獨特口感體驗。金銀花含綠原酸等成分，有抗菌消炎等作用，添加后能增強飲料抗菌消炎功效，適合流感高發(fā)季飲用，其淡雅花香還能增添清新氣息。?

（二）新型提取技術(shù)應(yīng)用?

（2） Application of New Extraction Technology?

?在原料處理環(huán)節(jié)，采用新型提取技術(shù)可顯著提升山茱萸羊棲菜保健飲料品質(zhì)。超臨界流體萃取技術(shù)很先進，以二氧化碳為超臨界流體時，臨界溫度接近室溫（31.06℃），臨界壓力適中（7.38MPa） ，能在溫和條件下萃取，避免高溫破壞山茱萸和羊棲菜中熱敏性成分，保留生物活性，還能通過調(diào)節(jié)壓力和溫度控制溶解性，實現(xiàn)選擇性萃取，提高有效成分純度。超聲輔助提取技術(shù)也值得關(guān)注，超聲波高頻振動產(chǎn)生空化、機械和熱效應(yīng)，空化效應(yīng)使細胞細胞壁破裂，機械效應(yīng)促進混合傳質(zhì)，熱效應(yīng)提高分子運動速度，都能增強提取效果。研究表明，超聲輔助提取山茱萸多糖，提取率比傳統(tǒng)回流提取法提高 20% - 30%，提高了原料利用率，降低生產(chǎn)成本。?

創(chuàng)新研發(fā)方向二：風(fēng)味與口感優(yōu)化?

Innovative R&D Direction 2: Flavor and Taste Optimization（一）甜味劑的創(chuàng)新選用?

（1） Innovative selection of sweeteners?

?在山茱萸羊棲菜保健飲料的風(fēng)味與口感優(yōu)化中，甜味劑選擇很關(guān)鍵。除常用的結(jié)晶果糖，甜菊糖苷和羅漢果甜苷等天然甜味劑開發(fā)潛力大。?

The selection of sweeteners is crucial in optimizing the flavor and taste of health drinks made from Cornus officinalis and Eucommia ulmoides. In addition to the commonly used crystalline fructose, natural sweeteners such as stevioside and siraitin have great potential for development. ?甜菊糖苷提取自甜葉菊葉、莖，高甜度、低熱能，甜度是蔗糖 150 - 300 倍，熱值僅為 1/250 左右，被譽為 “世界第三糖源”。它不參與人體生理生化反應(yīng)，有抑菌防腐作用，安全性好，常食可預(yù)防多種疾病，適合用于保健飲料。其溶解溫度與甜度味感關(guān)系大，低溫溶解甜度高，高溫溶解后味感好但甜度低，與檸檬酸等混合可矯味。在低糖飲料中添加，能降熱量、賦予清新甜味，受關(guān)注健康人群青睞。?

羅漢果甜苷是從羅漢果提取的天然成分，羅漢果主要生長在中國和東南亞。它幾乎無熱量，不引起血糖急劇上升，是糖尿病和需控制體重人群的理想選擇。它有抗氧化性，含多種抗氧化成分，有益口腔健康，抑制口腔細菌生長。用于山茱萸羊棲菜保健飲料，能提供甜味，增添獨特風(fēng)味和健康功效，滿足消費者對健康與美味的雙重追求。?

（二）酸味劑與風(fēng)味物質(zhì)的協(xié)同?

（2） The synergy between acidifiers and flavor compounds?

?酸味劑和風(fēng)味物質(zhì)的協(xié)同搭配，能為山茱萸羊棲菜保健飲料打造獨特豐富的風(fēng)味。?

The synergistic combination of acidifiers and flavor compounds can create a unique and rich flavor for the health drink of Cornus officinalis and Eucommia ulmoides. ?不同酸味劑風(fēng)味各異，蘋果酸有天然水果酸味，口感柔和持久，可中和山茱萸微酸澀味；乳酸具溫和酸味與淡淡奶香，能讓口感更醇厚順滑，其柔和酸度與羊棲菜海洋風(fēng)味結(jié)合，帶來獨特味覺體驗。?

Different acidifiers have different flavors. Malic acid has a natural fruity acidity, with a soft and long-lasting taste that can neutralize the slightly sour and astringent taste of Cornus officinalis; Lactic acid has a mild sour taste and a light milky aroma, which can make the taste more mellow and smooth. Its soft acidity combined with the marine flavor of sheep's seaweed brings a unique taste experience. ?搭配山竹、荔枝濃縮汁等水果濃縮汁和薄荷、檸檬草等天然香料，可豐富飲料風(fēng)味層次。山竹濃縮汁濃郁果香與獨特甜酸味道，能與山茱萸、羊棲菜風(fēng)味形成對比又巧妙融合；荔枝濃縮汁甜美的果香和醇厚口感，使飲料風(fēng)味更濃郁飽滿。薄荷清涼醒腦，檸檬草清新自然，都能讓飲料風(fēng)味更獨特宜人。通過合理搭配，山茱萸羊棲菜保健飲料能滿足消費者對風(fēng)味的多樣需求，提升市場競爭力。?

創(chuàng)新研發(fā)方向三：功能性強化?

Innovative R&D Direction Three: Functional Enhancement（一）針對特定人群需求?

（1） Targeting specific population needs?

?在山茱萸羊棲菜保健飲料研發(fā)中，根據(jù)特定人群需求調(diào)整配方，能更好滿足消費者健康訴求。?

In the development of health drinks made from Cornus officinalis and Eucommia ulmoides, adjusting the formula according to specific population needs can better meet consumers' health demands. ?老年人身體機能和免疫力下降，易患病且有關(guān)節(jié)問題。為其研發(fā)的飲料可增加山茱萸比例強化免疫，優(yōu)化羊棲菜成分維護骨骼關(guān)節(jié)健康，提升老年人生活質(zhì)量。?

Elderly people have decreased physical function and immunity, are prone to diseases, and have joint problems. The beverage developed for it can increase the proportion of Cornus officinalis to enhance immunity, optimize the composition of Sargassum fusiformes to maintain bone and joint health, and improve the quality of life of the elderly. ?上班族工作壓力大，易疲勞、焦慮，有視力下降等健康隱患。針對他們的飲料配方可添加咖啡因抗疲勞、提神醒腦，利用山茱萸和羊棲菜抗氧化成分增強免疫力，再添加葉黃素等護眼成分，助其工作時保持良好狀態(tài)。?

Office workers face high work pressure, are prone to fatigue, anxiety, and have health risks such as vision loss. For their beverage formula, caffeine can be added to resist fatigue and refresh the mind. The antioxidant ingredients of Cornus officinalis and Eucommia ulmoides can be used to enhance immunity, and eye protection ingredients such as lutein can be added to help them maintain good working condition. ?運動愛好者運動時消耗能量水分、產(chǎn)生自由基損傷肌肉關(guān)節(jié)。為他們研發(fā)的飲料需補充能量、恢復(fù)體力、減輕損傷，配方中可添加碳水化合物、電解質(zhì)，利用山茱萸和羊棲菜抗氧化成分，助力運動后身體恢復(fù)，以便再次運動。?

（二）添加功能性成分?

（2） Add functional ingredients?

?通過添加益生菌、膳食纖維、植物甾醇等功能性成分，能顯著提升山茱萸羊棲菜保健飲料的保健功能。?

By adding functional ingredients such as probiotics, dietary fiber, and plant sterols, the health benefits of Cornus officinalis and Eucommia ulmoides health drink can be significantly enhanced. ?益生菌可調(diào)節(jié)腸道菌群平衡，抑制有害菌生長，促進有益菌繁殖，在飲料中添加它，能增強對腸道健康的維護作用，與羊棲菜含有的膳食纖維協(xié)同，更好改善腸道微生態(tài)，適合腸道功能弱、易消化不良和便秘的人群。?

Probiotics can regulate the balance of gut microbiota, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, and promote the reproduction of beneficial bacteria. Adding them to beverages can enhance the maintenance of gut health, and work together with the dietary fiber contained in sheep's seaweed to better improve the gut microbiota. It is suitable for people with weak gut function, poor digestion, and constipation. ?膳食纖維分可溶性和不可溶性，有多種保健功效。羊棲菜雖含膳食纖維，但額外添加可強化飲料保健功能。添加可溶性膳食纖維能降膽固醇和血糖、改善口感；添加不可溶性膳食纖維能增強腸道蠕動、預(yù)防便秘，適合關(guān)注心血管健康、血糖控制和腸道健康的人群。?

植物甾醇能降低膽固醇，在飲料中添加它，對血脂偏高、患心血管疾病人群有重要保健意義。將其添加到飲料，可讓消費者便捷獲取功效，又避免過多攝入植物油的健康問題。添加適量植物甾醇，能有效降低血液膽固醇水平、保護心血管。添加這些成分，全面提升了飲料保健功能，滿足更多消費者不同健康需求。?

創(chuàng)新成果展望?

Outlook for Innovation Achievements?

?通過創(chuàng)新研發(fā)，山茱萸羊棲菜保健飲料將全方位升級。在營養(yǎng)上，多元原料搭配與新型提取技術(shù)讓飲料營養(yǎng)成分更豐富，活性和利用率更高，超臨界流體萃取技術(shù)精準提取有效成分，結(jié)合枸杞等原料，提升抗氧化、調(diào)節(jié)免疫等功效。?

口感與風(fēng)味也得到優(yōu)化，使用天然甜味劑，搭配酸味劑與風(fēng)味物質(zhì)，口感豐富、柔和、清甜，滿足不同消費者口味需求。?

The taste and flavor have also been optimized by using natural sweeteners, combined with acidic agents and flavor substances, resulting in a rich, soft, and sweet taste that meets the taste needs of different consumers. ?針對特定人群調(diào)整配方、添加功能性成分，增強飲料保健功能的針對性和專業(yè)性，老年人飲用可增強免疫力、維護骨骼健康，上班族能緩解疲勞、保護視力，運動愛好者能快速恢復(fù)體力、減輕肌肉關(guān)節(jié)損傷，加入益生菌等成分拓展了保健領(lǐng)域。?